[Extracts cited by Maria Luiza Glycerio from the GROUPE ZOOLOGIQUE HUMAIN, Éditions Albin Michel. Paris (1956), pp. 55-150, and translated into English by Janice B. Paulsen (1999).]
These extracts are presented in order to encourage visitors to read Teilhard's works in their entirety, and also to complement the article:
by Maria Luiza Glycerio and Janice B. Paulsen
QUOTATIONS
Teilhard de
Chardin - Le Groupe Zoologique HUMAIN
"Man's Place
in Nature":
(Pages 57-58)
"Geneticists have found themselves obliged to separate, within the Metazoan "cell of cells", the soma from the germen, the latter taking upon itself alone the principal task of hereditary transmission. Equally, and perhaps more importantly, we find ourselves here led to distinguish the soma from the "phrên" * the former without interest, and the latter decisive when it comes to assessing the degree of vitalization of human beings. From this point of view, greatly revised and clarified, the number of molecules making up the skeleton or the muscle system of an animal matters little. Even the gross weight of the brain mass is of little consequence (up to a certain point). But the one thing which finally counts in the absolute classification**, of higher order living beings, is (besides the number) the perfection, in structure and arrangement, of their cerebral neurons.
* From a Greek word, designating the (supposed) organ of psychic life (originally and literally the diaphragm enveloping the liver and the heart).
** That is to say by order of "complexity".
...A still quite indecipherable parameter, one will say, (or at least "immeasurable")! But extremely useful, by the measure in which it expresses itself concretely, we shall see, in certain precise morphological characteristics, such as the convolutionary pattern, the concentration, and the selective development of any given portion of the brain.
...Let us rather see how, by application of this criteria (gradually clarified) of cephalization or cerebralization, the confused arboresence, the crowd of living beings, becomes comprehensible, gets organized, and finally leaps forward, with one single thrust and following one single main stem, .."
(Pages 60 - 62)
"What remains, therefore, all factors considered, is the Chordate-Vertebrate branch. By elimination, this is the one (supposing valid our general theory of Complexity and our particular choice of the Cerebralization parameter), - this is the one, I say, that has to represent the most exactly the axis ab of our curve of corpusculization. - Does a more detailed analysis of brain development within the group confirm this suspicion? In other words, does the Vertebrate branch offer in its structure the progressive characteristics that we could legitimately expect from the main line of involution upon itself of the Universe?
Even a precursory examination of the final results obtained by "cerebrology" permit one to answer: Yes.
Let us try to show this in a few well chosen traits.
| (Figure 3.)
[This figure has not yet been made available for this Web page.] |
Some steps in the Cerebralization of the Vertebrates
(according to Romer). A, Devonian Fish. B, Reptile. C, Dog. D, Man. ___ lo, olfactory lobes . h, hemispheres. cm, midbrain. ép, epiphysis (pineal body). hp, pituitary gland. cv, cerebellum.
Observe the gradual involution of the brain upon itself, correlatively along with the development of the cerebral hemispheres. (cf.fig.6). |
Thus, what the Comparative Anatomy of living forms teaches us (without
even any recourse to Paleontology), is that from group to group, beginning
with the Fish, two particularly significant zones of the brain mass tend
to take precedence over the others, that is say tend to concentrate within
themselves the progress of cephalization: on one hand, the cerebellum,
- and on the other, above all, the cerebral hemispheres; the latter undergoing
in the most advanced Reptiles (Birds), and even more yet in the Mammals
(at least apart from several layers, and following certain phyla), a rapid,
revolutionary and all invasive development: up to the point of monopolizing
so to speak the cranial cavity and covering the cerebellum."
(Pages 149-150)a) The Increase of Free Energy and the intensification of Research (Page 140)
b) The Rebound of Evolution et Neo-cerebralization
- Evolution takes off (Page 144)
- Towards more brain (Page 148)
"In this manner, in the interior of the Noosphere in process of compression, [we have] a new chain, particularly central and direct: the cerebralization (a higher order effect and parameter of cosmic involution) closing in upon itself in a process of self-completion; an auto-cerebralization of Humanity becoming the most concentrated expression of the reflective rebound of Evolution.*
*"Here reappears and becomes accentuated up to the point of becoming dominant, the distinction between soma and phrên posited above, Chap. II, p. 57 - With the appearance on Earth of the "Socialization of compression" (where the important factor is no longer the multiplication of individuals, but their ultra-cerebralizing arrangement) a new regime of biological evolution establishes itself; in fact, one in which the individuals, all the while still functioning as links by their germen (phyletic reproduction within the Human phylum, in the form of still recognizable hereditary fibers, although more and more intermingled), are affirming themselves, by their phrên, as constituatory elements of the "noospheric brain" (the organ of collective human reflection).
In spite of their slightly foolish appearance, these views, I affirm, are not in the least unreasonable. But they find themselves quite naturally on the scale of the dimensions that Science encounters each time it tackles a movement of cosmic importance. Impossible to better convince oneself than in searching (as an irrepressible curiosity carries us along) to extrapolate forward, as far as possible , the totalizing mounting tide of psycho-technical energies whose convergent forward movement, I hope I have made evident, becomes more and more recognizable in the progress of everything around us."
« IS NOOGENESIS PROGRESSING ?»
by Maria
Luiza Glycerio and Janice
B. Paulsen
English version, Richmond, VA, U.S.A.
last update 9 August 1999.
© 1999 Janice
B. Paulsen (U.S.A.) and Maria
Luiza Glycerio (Brazil)